This course will explore aspects of the anatomy, ecology, distribution, and phylogeny of Lower and higher vertebrates. The overall scope will include evolution; taxonomy, physiology, and reference will be made to members of the Chordates. The course is designed to provide learners with a comprehension of the diversity of lower (Fish, amphibians and reptiles) and higher (Birds and Mammals) vertebrates using an evolutionary approach. It will also cover morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations for locomotion, feeding, communication, reproduction, and other aspects of birds and mammals. This course also complements concepts learned in Ecology, Evolution, Physiology, Animal Behaviour, and Conservation.